FM FLURO
FM FLURO:
Gas Treatment FM FLURO is a specialized, pelletized activated carbon engineered for the highly effective and selective removal of fluoride compounds from industrial gas streams. Unlike general-purpose carbons, FM FLURO undergoes a unique surface modification to enable chemisorption, a process where the fluoride compounds chemically bond to the carbon surface. This provides a more robust and permanent removal solution than simple physical adsorption.
FM Fluro™ is FirstMolecule’s advanced range of activated carbons designed for PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) and other fluorinated organics. These carbons leverage special pore structures, hydrophobic surface chemistries, and functionalized variants to selectively capture PFOS, PFOA, GenX, short-chain PFAS, and fluoropolymers — from groundwater, surface water, industrial wastewater, and soil systems.
Its uniform pellet shape ensures a low pressure drop and high structural integrity, making it ideal for use in deep-bed reactors and filtration towers in industries such as aluminum smelting, where the control of fluoride emissions is critical for environmental compliance and workplace safety.
Technical Evaluation & Competitive Advantage
Targeted Chemisorption: FM FLURO is not a general-purpose filter; it’s a targeted solution. Its surface chemistry is specifically designed to react with and permanently remove fluoride gases, providing a removal efficiency that is far superior to that of untreated activated carbons.
Extended Service Life: Because FM FLURO relies on chemical bonding rather than physical saturation, it has a significantly higher capacity for fluoride compounds, resulting in a much longer service life and reduced media replacement costs.
High Mechanical Strength: Our robust pellet shape and high crush strength ensure the carbon maintains its integrity under the weight and flow of a deep-bed system, preventing channeling and maximizing contact efficiency.
Core Models
Ultra-high micro/mesoporosity and surface oxygen groups adsorb PCDD/F congeners as flue gas cools through the “de novo synthesis” window. Optimized for injection upstream of the baghouse or in the SDA/atomizer zone.
Typical specifications
Form: Powdered AC (PAC), dust-controlled
Particle size (d50): 10–20 μm (baghouse-friendly)
BET surface area: 950–1200 m²/g
Pore profile: Micro + meso (favors semi-volatile organics)
Ash: ≤6% | Moisture: ≤5% | pH (slurry): neutral–slightly basic
Operating guidance
Injection temp window: 140–220 °C (typical baghouse inlet)
Dosage: 5–50 mg/Nm³ depending on raw PCDD/F, residence time, and fly ash carbon
Works with: SDA + baghouse, FF with ACI lance, dry sorbent injection (DSI) systems
Target outcomes: Very low I-TEQ; polishing stage to meet stringent stack limits
Where it fits
MSW incinerators, WtE lines, clinker kilns co-firing MSW, medical waste units
Surface bromine/halogen sites oxidize Hg⁰ → Hg²⁺, which is then strongly adsorbed on the carbon. Halogen sites also curb dioxin reformation, giving a co-benefit on PCDD/F.
Typical specifications
Form: PAC, halogen-functionalized
Particle size (d50): 10–20 μm
BET: 900–1100 m²/g
Halogen loading (Br as reference): 3–8% w/w (options by fuel/chloride)
Ash: ≤6% | Moisture: ≤5%
Operating guidance
Temp window: 130–200 °C (avoid >220 °C to limit halogen volatilization)
Dosage: 3–30 mg/Nm³ (higher at low native Cl or high SO₂)
Compatible with: SDA/DSI + FF, wet FGD downstream, SCR/ SNCR lines
Notes & options
For plants recycling fly ash to cement: evaluate halogen limits → see HGS alternative below.
S-impregnation creates reduced sulfur sites forming Hg–S species with low vapor pressure. Provides robust Hg capture without bromine carry-over to ash.
Typical specifications
Form: PAC, sulfur-functionalized
Particle size (d50): 10–20 μm
BET: 850–1050 m²/g
Sulfur loading: 5–10% w/w
Ash: ≤6% | Moisture: ≤5%
Operating guidance
Temp window: 140–210 °C
Dosage: 5–40 mg/Nm³ (optimize for Hg⁰/Hg²⁺ split and SO₃ presence)
Ideal when the plant must limit halogens in fly ash or downstream systems
Balanced matrix of micro/mesoporosity plus hybrid functional sites (low-dose halogen + reduced sulfur) to simultaneously:
Adsorb PCDD/F (semi-volatile organic capture)
Oxidize and bind Hg⁰/Hg²⁺ across normal baghouse temperatures
Typical specifications
Form: PAC, hybrid functionalization
Particle size (d50): 12–22 μm
BET: 900–1100 m²/g
Functionalization: Br 1–3% + S 2–5% (custom ranges available)
Ash: ≤6% | Moisture: ≤5%
Operating guidance
Temp window: 140–210 °C
Dosage: 8–35 mg/Nm³ (adjust to raw load and RH)
Great as a single silo solution for multi-line plants
Specs & fit
Form: GAC 8×30 or 12×40, high hardness (>96%), BET 900–1050 m²/g
Service: Fixed-bed guard filter or side-stream recirc; ΔP-optimized coarse grades available
When to use: Tightening emission limits, brownfield plants where ACI space is constrained, or startup/transient excursions
Base & Form: Coconut shell GAC, 12×40 mesh.
Key Features:
High micropore volume for strong hydrophobic interaction with PFAS chains.
Excellent hardness for long bed life in packed columns.
Optimized for municipal drinking water and groundwater remediation.
Specifications:
Particle Size: 12×40 mesh
Surface Area (BET): 1000–1100 m²/g
Iodine Number: ≥1000 mg/g
Hardness: >95%
Bulk Density: 0.50–0.52 g/cc
Applications:
Groundwater remediation of PFOS/PFOA.
Drinking water utilities treating EPA-regulated PFAS compounds.
Industrial discharge polishing (textiles, plating, paper).
Base & Form: Special organic base, 8×30 mesh GAC.
Key Features:
Balanced micro/meso pore distribution → captures short-chain PFAS (PFBA, PFHxA, PFBS).
High flow capacity for industrial continuous treatment.
Superior attrition resistance for long service cycles.
Specifications:
Particle Size: 8×30 mesh
Surface Area (BET): 950–1050 m²/g
Iodine Number: ≥950 mg/g
Hardness: >96%
Bulk Density: 0.48–0.50 g/cc
Applications:
Industrial wastewater from chemical plants.
Short-chain PFAS hotspots where conventional GAC struggles.
Pretreatment prior to ion-exchange resins or membranes.
Base & Form: Coconut shell PAC, special PFAS grade.
Key Features:
Fast kinetics for rapid PFAS adsorption in dispersive systems.
High efficiency for short to medium chain PFAS.
Designed for slurry dosing, emergency spill treatment, sediment stabilization.
Specifications:
Particle Size: <200 mesh
Surface Area (BET): 1100–1200 m²/g
Iodine Number: ≥1000 mg/g
Bulk Density: 0.42–0.48 g/cc
Applications:
PFAS emergency containment (firefighting foam residues).
Sediment and soil blending for contaminated sites.
Short-term shock dosing in industrial systems.
Base & Form: Functionalized activated carbon (GAC or PAC), impregnated with tailored groups.
Key Features:
Enhanced surface chemistry for selective capture of short-chain PFAS & GenX.
Resistant to competitive adsorption from NOM (natural organic matter).
Dual-mode capture: hydrophobic + ionic binding.
Specifications:
Surface Area: 900–1000 m²/g
Functional loading: 1–5% (cationic modifiers)
Hardness: >90% (GAC version)
Applications:
Advanced municipal treatment plants.
PFAS-contaminated soils with mixed organics + fluoropolymers.
Pretreatment before AOP (advanced oxidation).
Base & Form: Activated carbon enhanced with polyethyleneimine (PEI) or similar polymers.
Key Features:
Engineered for PFAS + polymeric pollutants (resins, surfactants, polymer effluents).
Strong ionic interactions complement hydrophobic adsorption.
Stable performance under wide pH conditions.
Specifications:
Surface Area: 850–950 m²/g
Polymer functionalization: 2–4% loading
Bulk Density: 0.45–0.50 g/cc
Applications:
Specialty wastewater (electronics, coatings, fluoropolymer manufacturing).
Soil stabilization in PFAS + polymer co-contamination.
Research-driven pilot systems for mixed residues
Comparison Matrix
| Model | Form / Mesh / d50 | BET / Iodine / Pore Profile | Primary Targets | Recommended Contact / Dose / Temp | Key Applications / Differentiator |
| FM AQUA GAC PFAS-SG 830 | Granular GAC — 8×30 mesh | BET: 1050–1150 m²/g · Iodine ≥1100 mg/g · Balanced micro/meso | Long-chain PFAS (PFOA, PFOS), mid-chain PFAS | EBCT ≥ 10–12 min (packed bed); granular bed design; ambient water temp | Workhorse PFAS GAC for municipal & industrial systems — extended breakthrough, robust in NOM waters |
| FM AQUA GAC PFAS-SG 1240 | Granular GAC — 12×40 mesh (fine) | BET: 1100–1200 m²/g · Iodine ≥1100 mg/g · High micropore density | Short-chain PFAS (PFHxS, PFBS), polishing PFAS | EBCT ≥ 8–10 min; compact beds/POE/POU cartridges | Fast kinetics for polishing / POE/POU — compact footprint, ideal where space/EBCT limited |
| FM AQUA PAC PFAS-SG | Powdered (PAC) — d50 ≈ 15–25 μm | BET: 1100–1200 m²/g · Iodine ≥1000 mg/g · high external area | Short & residual PFAS; emergency/rapid response | Slurry/contact <30 min; PAC dose 5–50 mg/L (site dependent) | Rapid response & shock dosing; sediment/soil blending and emergency spills |
| FM FLURO-GAC CS 1240 | Granular GAC — 12×40 mesh (coconut special) | BET: 1000–1100 m²/g · Iodine ≥1000 mg/g · Micro-dominant | PFAS long-chain (water), also organics | EBCT 8–12 min (water) | Municipal PFAS polishing with coconut micro-pore affinity; high hardness for long run life |
| FM FLURO-GAC 830 SG | Granular GAC — 8×30 mesh (special organic) | BET: 950–1050 m²/g · Iodine ~950 mg/g · Balanced micro/meso | Short-chain PFAS, mixed perfluoroalkyl acids | EBCT 10–15 min (industrial flows) | Industrial continuous treatment; balanced pores to improve short-chain uptake vs nominal GAC |
| FM FLURO-PAC CS | Powdered PAC — d50 < 200 mesh | BET: 1100–1200 m²/g · Iodine ≥1000 mg/g · micro-rich | PFAS (short–mid), rapid polishing, soil/sediment | Slurry contact 10–60 min; dosing 0.1–2% w/v | Fast kinetics for emergency PFAS remediation, sediment dosing and slurry treatment |
| FM FLURO-PAC DFX | PAC (MSW Dioxin grade) — d50 10–20 μm | BET: 950–1200 m²/g · Mesopore-enriched | PCDD/F (dioxins & furans), semi-volatile POPs | Injection temp 140–220 °C; dose 5–50 mg/Nm³ (flue gas) | PAC optimized for flue-gas injection upstream of baghouse — de-novo dioxin capture window |
| FM FLURO-PAC HGB (Halogen-Br) | Halogen-enhanced PAC — d50 10–20 μm | BET: 900–1100 m²/g · Halogen loading Br 3–8% | Elemental & oxidized Hg (Hg⁰/Hg²⁺) + D/F co-benefit | Injection temp 130–200 °C; dose 3–30 mg/Nm³ | Oxidizes Hg⁰ → Hg²⁺ on surface for strong capture; best where fly-ash halogen allowances permit |
| FM FLURO-PAC HGS (S-impregnated) | Sulfur-functional PAC — d50 10–20 μm | BET: 850–1050 m²/g · Sulfur loading 5–10% | Elemental Hg capture (halogen-free), co-adsorption of some organics | Injection temp 140–210 °C; dose 5–40 mg/Nm³ | Cement/ash-reuse friendly mercury sorbent (no halogen carry-over); ideal when ash halogen limits required |
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